全文获取类型
收费全文 | 386篇 |
免费 | 87篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 25篇 |
晶体学 | 1篇 |
力学 | 53篇 |
综合类 | 9篇 |
数学 | 230篇 |
物理学 | 173篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 22篇 |
2015年 | 14篇 |
2014年 | 23篇 |
2013年 | 21篇 |
2012年 | 35篇 |
2011年 | 31篇 |
2010年 | 26篇 |
2009年 | 23篇 |
2008年 | 38篇 |
2007年 | 20篇 |
2006年 | 24篇 |
2005年 | 19篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 18篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 13篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 10篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有491条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Roderich Tumulka 《Foundations of Physics》2007,37(2):186-197
In a recent paper Conway and Kochen, Found. Phys. 36, 2006, claim to have established that theories of the Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber
(RW) type, i.e., of spontaneous wave function collapse, cannot be made relativistic. On the other hand, relativistic GRW-type
theories have already been presented, in my recent paper, J. Stat. Phys. 125, 2006, and by Dowker and Henson, J. Stat. Phys.
115, 2004. Here, I elucidate why these are not excluded by the arguments of Conway and Kochen.
相似文献
2.
In this paper, we analyze the manufacturing lead time in a production system with BMAP (Batch Markovian Arrival process) input and post-operation operated under the N-policy. We use the factorization principle to derive the waiting time distribution (hence the manufacturing lead time) and the mean performance measures. A numerical example is provided. 相似文献
3.
Twin Paradox and the Logical Foundation of Relativity Theory 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
We study the foundation of space-time theory in the framework of first-order logic (FOL). Since the foundation of mathematics has been successfully carried through (via set theory) in FOL, it is not entirely impossible to do the same for space-time theory (or relativity). First we recall a simple and streamlined FOL-axiomatization Specrel of special relativity from the literature. Specrel is complete with respect to questions about inertial motion. Then we ask ourselves whether we can prove the usual relativistic properties of accelerated motion (e.g., clocks in acceleration) in Specrel. As it turns out, this is practically equivalent to asking whether Specrel is strong enough to “handle” (or treat) accelerated observers. We show that there is a mathematical principle called induction (IND) coming from real analysis which needs to be added to Specrel in order to handle situations involving relativistic acceleration. We present an extended version AccRel of Specrel which is strong enough to handle accelerated motion, in particular, accelerated observers. Among others, we show that~the Twin Paradox becomes provable in AccRel, but it is not provable without IND. 相似文献
4.
5.
Adaptive Constrained Control of Unknown Strict Feedback Nonlinear Systems With Dead Zone Input北大核心CSCD 下载免费PDF全文
研究了具有死区输入的预设约束未知高阶严格反馈非线性系统的控制问题,提出了一种基于免疫函数的自抗扰预设漏斗约束自适应控制策略。首先,针对系统内部的未知问题,采用免疫函数与扩张状态观测器结合对系统内部未知项进行观测;其次,通过Lyapunov方法与漏斗控制相结合设计控制器,使得跟踪误差能够维持在预先设定的漏斗约束范围内;同时,利用双曲正切函数速率变化快这一特性设计自适应控制律,引入指令滤波器避免反步法中重复求导问题,分析证明了闭环系统所有信号的有界性。仿真实例表明了控制方法的有效性。 相似文献
6.
In the study, a series of C_(30)-C_(32) lanostane homologs have been identified from Eogene source rocks and crude oils of Biyang depression in Henan Province, China. Based upon the geochemical investigations and simulating experiments, the idea that the generation of lanostane may mainly be related to the specific original organic inputs and low maturity has been proposed. 相似文献
7.
8.
Switching adaptive controllers to control fractional‐order complex systems with unknown structure and input nonlinearities 下载免费PDF全文
This article investigates the chaos control problem for the fractional‐order chaotic systems containing unknown structure and input nonlinearities. Two types of nonlinearity in the control input are considered. In the first case, a general continuous nonlinearity input is supposed in the controller, and in the second case, the unknown dead‐zone input is included. In each case, a proper switching adaptive controller is introduced to stabilize the fractional‐order chaotic system in the presence of unknown parameters and uncertainties. The control methods are designed based on the boundedness property of the chaotic system's states, where, in the proposed methods the nonlinear/linear dynamic terms of the fractional‐order chaotic systems are assumed to be fully unknown. The analytical results of the mentioned techniques are proved by the stability analysis theorem of fractional‐order systems and the adaptive control method. In addition, as an application of the proposed methods, single input adaptive controllers are adopted for control of a class of three‐dimensional nonlinear fractional‐order chaotic systems. And finally, some numerical examples illustrate the correctness of the analytical results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 211–223, 2015 相似文献
9.
A spectrum sharing system with primary and secondary nodes, each equipped with an arbitrary number of antennas, is investigated. Particularly, the outage performance of an underlay cognitive system is analytically studied, in the case when the end-to-end () communication is established via an intermediate relay node. To better enhance the communication, successive interference cancellation (SIC) is adopted, which compensates for both the transmission power constraint and the presence of interference from primary nodes. Both the relay and secondary receiver perform unordered SIC to successively decode the multiple streams, whereas the decode-and-forward relaying protocol is used for the communication. New closed-form expressions for the outage performance of each transmitted stream are derived in terms of finite sum series of the Tricomi confluent hypergeometric function. In addition, simplified yet tight approximations for the asymptotic outage performance are obtained. Useful engineering insights are manifested, such as the diversity order of the considered system and the impact of interference from the primary nodes in conjunction with the constrained transmission power of the secondary nodes. 相似文献
10.
Brunecker P Villringer A Schultze J Nolte CH Jungehülsing GJ Endres M Steinbrink J 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2007,25(9):1300-1311
To prevent systematic errors in quantitative brain perfusion studies using dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI), a reliable determination of the arterial input function (AIF) is essential. We propose a novel algorithm for correcting distortions of the AIF caused by saturation of the peak amplitude and discuss its relevance for longitudinal studies. The algorithm is based on the assumption that the AIF can be separated into a reliable part at low contrast agent concentrations and an unreliable part at high concentrations. This unreliable part is reconstructed, applying a theoretical framework based on a transport-diffusion theory and using the bolus-shape in the tissue. A validation of the correction scheme is tested by a Monte Carlo simulation. The input of the simulation was a wide range of perfusion, and the main aim was to compare this input to the determined perfusion parameters. Another input of the simulation was an AIF template derived from in vivo measurements. The distortions of this template was modeled via a Rician distribution for image intensities. As for a real DSC-MRI experiment, the simulation returned the AIF and the tracer concentration-dependent signal in the tissue. The novel correction scheme was tested by deriving perfusion parameters from the simulated data for the corrected and the uncorrected case. For this analysis, a common truncated singular value decomposition approach was applied. We find that the saturation effect caused by Rician-distributed noise leads to an overestimation of regional cerebral blood flow and regional cerebral blood volume, as compared to the input parameter. The aberration can be amplified by a decreasing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or an increasing tracer concentration. We also find that the overestimation can be successfully eliminated by the proposed saturation-correction scheme. In summary, the correction scheme will allow DSC-MRI to be expanded towards higher tracer concentrations and lower SNR and will help to increase the measurement to measurement reproducibility for longitudinal studies. 相似文献